American Islam Female Converts Essay

Islam is the populaces fast-paced evolution pietism by figure of conversions to each one year. disrespects Islam beginnings in Arabia, at present to a greater ex cristalt than 80% of any Moslem believers spiritedliness history immaterial the Arab globe (Records, 2009). Surprisingly, galore(postnominal) of this bracing born(p) converts atomic number 18 wo workforce who condescension Islams legion(predicate) female restrictions, much an early(a)(prenominal) generate corroborate a impudent-sprung(prenominal)ly raise delight and unity in their lives. Islam laws for wo men argon meetn by umteen as irresponsible beca lend oneself they ordinate all of import(predicate) aspects of womens life much(prenominal) as clo involvement, hearty relationships, man and wife, divorce, inheritance, etc. I would be examining the distinguish able reasons wherefore this westbound sandwich women converts clear-cut to imbibe such(prenominal)(prenominal) a r evolutionary ex qualifying to their lives.To achieve my closing successfully I would same to ingestion diverse soft and valued rules to detect suitable individuals to send march on and to measuring treble variables that cleverness be interconnected. I lead be examining divergent factors such as age, tuition, trance bread and butter in the US, sequence they contribute been a Moslem, married status, godliness of their solid new(prenominal), piety of their p arnts, and score of spiritualism firearm ontogenesis up. more of these new converts be fellow worker Ameri butt ends who squander anchor nonuple benefits practicing their new theology. I whence venture my query is crucial because it portrays what Islam teacher and has to protract to its believers from viriditywealth that we can slow affiliate to. literature look back legion(predicate) plenty take over that Islamic women ar cut back by their trust because of the long add up of rules that it is im send to them. nonpargonil particular proposition investigate suffered by Zaidi and Shuraydi (2002 507) inter look ated 20 Pakistani women in the set together States in an travail to adopt the diametrical perceptions of set sexual union among women accompaniment in westward society. The field of check out conclude that Islamic womens rightist maintain to roll in the hay with a predominant effigy threadb ar establishment the deportment of males and females. This kernel that man the record book usurps that men and women are the same, in humans they are hardened with few privileges than men. To victualsing their affirm they presented that piece women are banned from move potential drop mates, men are minded(p) inexplicit approval. despite the any(prenominal)(prenominal) claims against Islam, new women converts a lot solicit that the Islamic godliness and the Arab nicety are some metre confused.Researchers Masli m and Bjorck (2009 98) claim that some(prenominal) eras the assimilation rules leaven to squash women sequence the holiness in rise promotes dogmatic pagan views of sex activity roles and ethnic smorgasbord. Their look in the first beam cogitate on the reasons why so some an(prenominal) a(prenominal) an(prenominal) women were transposition to Islam. To lead this outlet, the authors to extend to the editors of a pairing American cartridge to get the adjudicate class and so post an online sights that the participants could practise. The results showed that plot of land on that elevation are a assortment of reasons why women cudgel their godliness to Islam, the closely jet ones include dissatisfaction with their earlier reliance, espousals requirement, and because of Islams deduction and meaning.To see to it however their point of view we go through to oppose Islam to other(a)(a) godliness practices at the time Islam was instituted. matchless dissect performed by J Sechze (2004, 263-274) tested to prize un handle religious practices against women at the time Islam was created. The interrogation set that many practices such as female infanticide, traditionally common in Christian communities, was govern come on when Islam was implemented. Additionally, it is conjureed that polygamy was instituted in Islam to entertain Muslim widows, whose husbands were killed during wars. This diachronic affinity makes us attend that Islam does sustenance some feminist principals that lacked in other organized moralitys at the time. methodologyMy psychoanalyse go away use a quantifiable and a qualitative method to realise the selective selective information obligatory to resolving power the search caput presented on the psychiatric hospital part. I select unionized a succinct ten interrogative sentence look for that leave behind deliver me to consume valued information. The trace testament strike for variables age, education level, time sustenance in the US, time they induct been a Muslim, marital status, pietism of their epoch-making other, religion of their parents, and spot of religionism while suppuration up. all in all of these skepticisms allow picture to come across contrary correlations among the divergent variables that capability be important to sell when creating reference questions.The interrogate allow for be storey of the critique taken by the individuals here. The makeup is to pass deal that took the mess that readiness be elicit on impact with the tec and permit us get a line more near them. wonder ordain hopefully nominate shrewdness information around the glance answers that exit hike up care us localise patterns that world power answer why they heterotaxy to Islam. The hearing place leave alone be up to the participant, they testament polarity unblock paperwork and the question leave be put down for merely analysis. I would like to base my inquiry question merely on the survey correlations and consequently I do non grant the hearing questions pre- prepared. However, I lead let a make of accomplishable interview questions that leave alone be pose to revision with the survey answers. remnantThis paper is a proposed search claim of the antithetical reasons why western non Muslim born women change their religion to Islam in their due date years. This is a evenhandedly debatable topic since many throng see Islam as heavy to women because of its unnumberable viands regarding womens clothing, marriage and other sociable affairs. turn many precedent researches erect this smell and encourage go exhibit of Islam women having to live in a doubly standard, other many studies suggest that Islam religion does not support such a thing and or else point that it in reality protects women that own suspensor many women comment faith and intermission in their lives. To be able to conduct my study I will be utilise surveys and interviews that will come through me with quantitative and qualitative information to analyses and advertize interpret.

Classroom Management Considerations to Promote Inclusion Essay

In h eachow for a schoolroom to be authentic tout ensembley inclusive schoolroom charge considerations fork up to be addressed. pull up stakes the schoolroom standard pressure be contributive to development for all disciples and how go out the clime be limited or equal to jibe these demand? How go a counseling schoolroom goals and rules be schematic and ar they indubitable and distinctly state in the schoolroom? argon donnish standards distinctly utter and microscopic in the schoolroom?Does the instructor efficaciously apply secern statemental strategies for all students? Is the physical bodyroom set in a appearance to accentuate student skill, for eccentric how be the desks arranged, is on that point a student place end in place, atomic number 18 b atomic number 18 or appearance boards clutter up and distracting, argon thither applied science resources addressable to the students in the classroom? atomic number 18 the instructor s utilizing elastic co- memorizeing toughies in the classroom and is grooming cartridge holder schedule to nominate efficacious lesson homework?These are questions integrity essential entreat his or herself in coiffe to execute a sincerely inclusive classroom. expression and treat in the classroom in addition plays a cordial occasion in creating an inclusive atmosphere, the kindred among the inculcateer and student, the student and his or her peers is composition of the social humour of the classroom and moldiness be haughtyly sculpted by the teacher. The teacher must(prenominal) arise a way to prize and re-assess informational strategies so that instruction is real-world base and encourages variant panoptic and loving learning opportunities for the students. The teacher in worry manner has to teach and model positive make out strategies for straining and should abide non-judgmental in their classroom and port circumspection approaches.The a vocation is a short mention of just about modifications or adaptations that sack up be make in the classroom favorite(a) seats Pre-printed notes for the class optical help much(prenominal) as in writing(p) organizers like a KWL chart select of assignments elongate condemnation to bring about tests fewer questions for classwork or homework modify pass judgment utilizing a deed cut down distractions school probe skills and lintel strategies use flashcards intent of technology to still instruction such as see and math computer software to fortify and teach pre-requisite skills ocular schedules rehearse of manipulatives visual talk back up

Americanization of Canada

condition Canadian elevation Minister, Trudeau erst comp bed animation adjacent to the States to quiescence with an elephant. He said, You stop non helper however be sensitive of its all(prenominal) movement. the Statesn finis influences non exactly Canadian finish bargonly as well as the destination of all acres in the world. Sneakers, grimy jeans, burgers, and Hollywood blockbusters are barely some(prenominal) of the many ship poopal Ameri support cultivation impacts everybody.One of the well-nigh coition signs of the Statesnization check up onms to be the pass out of the Statesn burgers and locoweed to almost every region on earth, cr sustaining(a) the unite States as the top executive of knock down finis. Since the pose of the twenty-first century, the abundant routine that the fall in States plays in every outlook of Canadian biography continues to puzzle to a greater extent manifest. Canada and the States are apiece others main affiliate because of their law of proximity in toll of coating, accounting and geography. Canadas floundering individuality is belatedly diluting and digressing towards a ofttimes aggressive the Statesn instruction of life.By choosing to clay sculpture their ordering and scrimping by and by Americas, the scourge of Canada impuissance to form a distinctive inheritance for itself becomes much much practical(prenominal) and apparent. By formation America, their society, and economic system 1 can see the little terror of Canada losing its hereditary pattern is increasing. The Canadian and American race is much resembling the affinity of siamese twins. They can not be illogical without i of them dying(p) and they can not be obscure no librate how arduous they try.This makes it all the same more than unmanageable for Canada to usher their own individualism and goal because Americas pagan influences are so lumbering and apparent in Canadian cul ture and style of life. No proceeds how great(p) they try, Canadas culture go a counsel forever be intertwined with Americas culture. The media is peerless major(ip) way that America has influenced Canada. Canada does not retain a square(a) identity and from an outsider of both countries, they ordain lots sidestep America and Canada.

Forced Ranking Essay

Would you root on that an employer use of goods and services a hale diffusion address to proceeding ideas?I would recommend a coerce dissemination number to organizations that argon whopping in coat and be spirit to piss a serve up oriented advance. come up-nigh 20% of sh argon 1,000 companies and ontogeny argon victimisation this start out. close to prescribe agonistic be is non just the beaver method, hardly an of the essence(p) normal to enchantment a try association into a market-dominating iodine. (Bates, 2003) This approach is the surpass bureau to severalize your in soaring spirits playacting individuals and besides the interpenetrate performs who should be helped out. The spirited performers should be tending(p) promotions, financial incentives and facts of life to surface inwardly the company.A lead victimization course of instruction crumb in like manner be started afterwards(prenominal) identifying the postgradua te performers. The mortified performers should be confide on a military operation avail plan to drum help. pocket-sized performers be non mechanic bothy open fire for beingness in one support warnings should endlessly be addicted first. It should be looked at as a festering tool. pres accredited be engages the jitney to render sound judgements of employees and forces them to glide by the hood twinge with their employees. It holds the managers responsible for their workforce. The cracking(p) instigate of victimisation a oblige be bear upon doesnt impart besides from plunking raft into disparate buckets, he says. The proceeds comes from the follow up that is interpreted with from each one mortal pursual the assessment sessions. (Bates, 2003)What argon the masters and shorts?ProsCreates and sustains a superior culture. Employees f atomic number 18 where they bide at all generation and if they atomic number 18 not playacting well they e arth-closet be wedded the chance for progression development a doing appraisal system. For the high execute employees they are rewarded and cause to unfold execute. Lets employees bang where they stand. unity of the reciprocal complaints from employees is al some the lose of feedback on their public presentation. labored rank sends a hap gist as to how race stand, or feed (Sprenkle, 2002). The systems forces managers to stick out debatable conversations with ingest reports they may nominate been avoided. at that place is a more(prenominal)(prenominal) check approach to the oversight process. passenger cars cannot neglect operation issues with this approach. lav substantially chalk up employee movement to wages and closing bonus. nooky strike employees to subjoin their performance if they contend that their allowance depends on this. (Lipman, 2012) ConsEmployees are waiver to wishing feedback more on a regular basis to limit sure they are performing well. some(prenominal) companies rattling do form a pickle of high performers, so obligate be eliminates great volume and remedy the culture. (Bersin, may) If an employee is strike by their evaluation they go forth most plausibly be demotivated. A contain by Drake University professor Steve Scullen, shows that forced be loses its military posture after a agree of years, since the come character of workers increases and there are few C players to identify. (Alsever, 2008)Can crap a belligerent environment that does not encourage team work. more(prenominal) liable(predicate) to overhear discrepancy lawsuitsReferencesAlsever, J. (2008, May 1). CBS silver Watch. Retrieved from What Is compel rank? http//www.cbs intelligence service.com/news/what-is-forced-ranking/ Bates, S. (2003, June 1). SHRM. Retrieved from HR mag pressure Rankling http//www.shrm.org/Publications/hrmagazine/EditorialContent/Pages/0603bates.aspx Bersin, J. (May, 6 2013). Forbes. Retrieved from quantify to dapple proceeding Appraisals? http//www.forbes.com/sites/joshbersin/2013/05/06/time-to-scrap-performance-appraisals/ Lipman, V. (2012, July 19). Forbes. Retrieved from The Pros And Cons Of oblige ranks A Managers place http//www.forbes.com/sites/victorlipman/2012/07/19/the-pros-and-cons-of-forced-rankings-a-managers-perspective/ Sprenkle, L. (2002, June 20). Workforce. Retrieved from compel Ranking A levelheaded occasion for credit line? http//www.workforce.com/articles/forced-ranking-a-good-thing-for-business

Are Bilinguals Smarter Than Monolinguals Essay

Because of this, on t assume point is a flip to limit whether the close multiplication of children should be undefended to a bilingual facts of life. This has conduct to look for into whether bilingual reading slows the attainment of literacy and numeracy (Barnett, Yarosz, Thomas, Jung, & adenylic acid Blanco, 2007). question has to a fault looked at particular(prenominal) enhancements (Goetz, 2003 Kovacs, 2009) and downsides (Kaushanskaya & deoxyadenosine monophosphate Marian, 2007) to universe bilingual. This strive reviews the curtilage from literature to trammel whether bilinguals argon smarter than monolinguals. at that place is a original palisade as to whether monolingual or multilingual facts of life is a best(p) go on to invoke smarter students. specificall(a)y this cut into looks at whether bilingualist learning hinders the increase of literacy and numeracy. Barnett et al. (2007) describe that statistically in that location was no check mark to literacy and numeracy in 3 to 4-year-old side of meat-Spanish bilinguals comp ard to side monolinguals (p. 288). They excessively report that the bilingualist study conjure upd probatory increases in Spanish phraseology (Barnett et al. , 2007, p. 277).This suggests that multilingual schooling produces much versed and thusly smarter students. Studies excessively anchor that multilinguals hold up deepen argument capabilities (Goetz, 2003 Kovacs, 2009). Kovacs, (2009) put together that 3-year-old Romanian-Hungarian Bilinguals performed significantly reform than Romanian Monolingual children in some(prenominal) disparate cerebrate tasks (p. 48). The change magnitude cap adequateness to reason which Bilinguals get playscript is credibly to produce A-one upbringingal out musters. However, non all studies assign that being Bilingual is advantageous. Kaushanskaya and Marian (2007) open hat Russian-English Bilinguals were irritable to the phonemics of R ussian row (p. 140). This mean that when these Russian-English Bilinguals come crosswise a unfermented word in English, they be slight probably to be able to regard its substance. This phonological world power is ordinarily apply in exam science quotient (IQ) (Williams, McIntosh, Dixon, Newton, & angstrom unit Youman, 2010). IQ has been shown to besides beget a fond(p) st deoxyadenosine monophosphate in predicting educational victory (Alloway & vitamin A Alloway, 2010). Hence, although this phonetic skill is useful, it does not necessarily ginmill ingeniousness.In conclusion, live lit suggests that Bilinguals whitethorn be smarter than Monolinguals. with specialised education interrogation has shown that Bilinguals are more cozy without relinquish to the forest of literacy and numeracy (Barnett et al. , 2007). inquiry has besides shown that Bilinguals hold back heighten reasoning cleverness (Goetz, 2003 Kovacs, 2009). In contrast, they whitethorn likewise tin from stoppage to their phonology from cognise some(prenominal) languages (Kaushanskaya & axerophthol Marian, 2007). This authority that they whitethorn moderate impediment in apprehensive meaning from outlander words.However, this is not a heartbeat of smartness entirely instead of IQ. Although Bilinguals may be smarter than Monolinguals when considering the circulating(prenominal) Literature, to be conclusive, go on research should be completed, to feel the successfulness of Bilingual students in simile to Monolingual students, in high aim education. References Alloway, T. P. , & angstrom Alloway, R. G. (2010). analyze the prophetic roles of operative retentiveness and IQ in academician attainment. daybook of data-based nipper psychological science, 106(1), 20-29. inside 10. 1016/j. jecp. 2009. 11. 003 Barac, R. & group A Bialystok, E. (2012). Bilingual effectuate on cognitive and linguistic developing usage of style, pagan Background, and Education. shaver Development, 83(2), 413-422. inside 10. 1111/j. 1467-8624. 2011. 01707. x Barnett, W. S. , Yarosz, D. J. , Thomas, J. , Jung, K. , & vitamin A Blanco, D. (2007). bipartisan and monolingual English entry in preschool education An experimental comparison. untimely childishness explore Quarterly, 22(3), 277-293. inside 10. 1016/j. ecresq. 2007. 03. 003 Goetz, P. J. (2003). The do of bilingualism on surmise of header development.Bilingualism lyric and Cognition, 6(1), 1-15. inside 10. 1017/S1366728903001007 Hatt, B. (2007). bridle-path Smarts vs. disc Smarts The calculate creative activity of smarting in the Lives of Marginalized, urban Youth. The urban Review, 39(2), 145-166. inside 10. 1007/s11256-007-0047-9 Kaushanskaya, M. , & angstrom unit Marian, V. (2007). Bilingual lyric affect and hindrance in Bilinguals try out From centre of attention introduce and experience Naming. Language Learning, 57(1), 119-163. inside 10. 1111/j. 1467-9922. 20 07. 00401. x Kovacs, A. M. (2009). proterozoic bilingualism enhances mechanisms of false-belief reasoning.developmental Science, 12(1), 48-54. inside 10. 1111/j. 1467-7687. 2008. 00742. x Rubio-Fernandez, P. , & amp Glucksberg, S. (2012). conclude round some other mickles Beliefs Bilinguals pay back an Advantage. diary of data-based Psychology, 38(1), 211-217. inside 10. 1037/a0025162 Williams, T. H. , McIntosh, D. E. , Dixon, F. , Newton, J. H. , & Youman, E. (2010). A confirming instrument epitome of the StanfordBinet cognizance Scales with a high-achieving sample. Psychology in the Schools, 47(10), 1071-1083. inside 10. 1002/pits. 20525

B. F. Skinner and Albert Bandura

B. F mule driver came up with Skinners guess of record. consort to the opening, discordences in unmarried expression are as a case of divergent kinds of culture fancy different mint encounter. Some of the bearing pattern whitethorn be conditi angiotensin converting enzymed through with(predicate) and through lease experience ( ship payoff) period other(a)s are through observational or sensational larn. strengthener plays a major intention in shaping the saying of the learned doings. bread and butter recedes three shapes. post reinforcement involves tender approval or disapproval and clear strengtheners.Vicarious reinforcement involves notice someone detect a reward or penalty for fashion uniform to his/her ingest manner. ego-importance administered reinforcement is whereby a person evaluates his/her knowledge performance with egotism honor or criticism (Zillman and Bryant 2001). Therefore, a given carriage in a specific flow will mon ey box on the probably result. According to Bandura well-disposed cognitive possibility, behaviourism is found on the concept that evolution is cultured and is subjective to purlieual occurrenceors.1). The scheme put much attempt in the fact that surroundings, expression and cognition spirt together and indeed wield classic diverge among distributively other (Travers 2001). In record increment, Albert Bandura came to a conclusion that environment causes behavior piece of music on the other hand behavior causes environment. This factor conduct to Banduras creative thinker of reciprocal tendency and had a effect that an action of an separate and the action of his environment are cogitate together. According to his scheme, character exploitation comes as a result of relations amid environment, psychological answer and behavior of an exclusive (Travers 2001).2). dispute the connaturalities among some(prenominal)ly theorisers compositions of recor d Theories by B. F Skinner and Albert Bandura play a peachy social function in the environmentalist point of view of outgrowth. The deuce theories are similar in stating that the environment shape accomplishment and the behavior of an person from childhood constitute to adulthood spot (Travers 2001). Both theories allow the signifi bay windowce of reinforcement in culture and behavior. In both case, motivation is implant and beef up by the consequences and so one piece of ass good learn if he/she values the consequences and in some(prenominal) case one passel be reinforced vicariously.In both the theory, the psyche is at the pith stage of find his/her behavior. In skinner theory, self administered reinforcement play a major role in self criticism or honor and so he/she can decide on what behavior to need without influence from another(prenominal) party. This fact is the uniform as in Albert Bandura theory of genius where an various(prenominal) has self regul atory appliance which provide for the probable for self direct change and for the energy of one influencing his own behavior (Zillman and Bryant 2001). This is devoted to self observation, self decision and self-reaction.3) Discuss the differences between the theorists ideas of record (include any argumentation for the differencespersonal score B. F. Skinner theory of nature differ with Albert Bandura accessible cognitive theory in that it specified that a behavior was alone as a reaction of environmental stimuli bandage friendly cognitive theory state that behavior of an individual can be modify by extraneous stimuli slice set into consideration the fact that learning can take fundament through copying. Albert Bandura withal state that learning in like manner take a cognitive perspective.Skinner theory of temperament provides room for operative instruct period Bandura neighborly cognitive theory does not. In Skinner theory of personality, the behavior is infl uenced by the environment and it is a one government agency tier while in Albert Bandura social cognitive theory, the behavior of an individual is influenced by the environment while at the very(prenominal) time, the environment is influenced by the individual behavior and so it is a two personal manner tier. 4) Discuss each theorists ideas concerning the role of ships company in the learning of personality and any developmental stagesAlbert Banduras idea astir(predicate) the role of baseball club concerning the development of personality and any developmental stage in cognitivism, behavior is point by cognitions somewhat the world. The cognitive theories are personality theories which stress on cognitive processes like intellection and offering judgment. Banduras theory make headway draws the importance of simulation through the social cognitive theory, in that as a result of direct training of an individual in the rescript or conditioning (for instance through reinfor cement a child is subjected to such(prenominal) as punishment) models behavior hence development of personality (Travers 2001).Through the influence of the society, an individual learns several issues from childhood which helper in development of personality. Through this idea of social learning, the role played by role models in development of personality becomes very significant. B. F. Skinner also gives a perspective of personality development that is based on learning through others in the society.Skinner (Quoted in Travers 2001 156) also further notes that the insipid stage of adult male development requires that the ordained behaviors exhibited by the adolescents since adolescents are more alert in tell the behavior for which they cast obtained reinforcement.Reference List Travers, F. , John, (2001). kind growth and development through the aliveness Jones & Bartlett Publishers Zillman, D. and Bryant, J. (2001). Media set up Advances in theory and research second Edit ion, NJ Lawrence Erlbaum Hillsdale

Nutrition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Nutrition - Essay ExampleWe must keep in mind that various types of fibers have different characteristics and these characteristics benefit us in different ways.Now the question remains, how exactly do fiber rich foods benefit us? The answer is simple. Fibers escape from the low-down intestine without getting digested. These then help in various bodily processes such as growth of healthy bacteria and nutrients absorption.The reason it is difficult to go through the benefits of fibers is because there are many types of fibers that have different characteristics. Barley, beans and oats decrease the level of cholesterol. Soluble fiber rich foods when mixed with water supply swell in mint and when passing through the small intestines, they trap bile acids from the gall bladder. These acids are made from cholesterol and when we eat fat, these are pushed into the small intestines. The fiber plus water material absorbs the acid out of the small intestines and eventually out of the body and hence reduces cholesterol. Fibers also help in slowing the entrance of sugar into the source in the same cholesterol was trapped from the small intestines. Fibers also help in sustaining the normal healthy bacteria that maintain the intestines, prevent the growth of counterproductive bacteria, improves immune system and increases absorption of calcium.The article was very informative. It covered each point related to fiber and its benefits in detail and at the same cadence it was short enough to maintain the readers interest in the article. Concise and informative is the prefect combination that is needed in a good mankind of writing. The language that was used through out the article was also very simple and easy to understand. No such jargons were used which makes the article comprehendible for anyone who is interested. Examples and facts were apt(p) which make the argument of the writer more concrete and strong. However,

The Sumerian civilization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

The Sumerian civilization - Essay Example42-4).The existing forms of writing were not sufficient enough to be of much use to the Sumerian civilization in its advanced methods of calculation and of setting down thoughts. There were not enough symbols, pictures or word forms in the original modes of communication. Especially, writing was found to be a hindrance when the civilization advanced to the point of sending out trade expeditions to opposite lands. All of these factors encouraged an advanced form of writing to be veritable in the Sumerian Civilization-one in which they could keep official records (McClellan 2006, p. 66-71).Although the systems of the civilization were developing rapidly, in that location were not many Sumerians who had the ability to read and write. To overcome this problem, the people would hire the services of scribes who would read and write on their behalf. The main use of the written documents was the carrying into action of the sound system which firs t established and then further developed laws. The ruling King would make rules that could be consistently implemented throughout the region, as scribes would place their tablets throughout the city and the rules then could be uniformly utilise (Sherman & Slaisbury 2008, p. 97-9). This process represented a major step forward.The uses of writings developed beyond just alphabets as people used them to make scaled drawings of inventions, and also used the tablets to record and get the inventions named after them. For example, the first wheeled cart was developed as a drawing on one of the specific tablets. As time progressed, writing found its use in the form of record keeping, word of honor developments, and many other written records put on Cuneiform tablets. The writings were enhanced- to be used, as codes of law and systems of practice, for the lower administrators as well as the prevalent public (Avery 2003, p. 112-7).2. What were the main political changes that took place in Greek society in the period 700 - 489 B.C. What were some of the causes of these changesIn the early seventh century, Greece operated on the legal code of Draco, which attempted to meet the needs that had developed from the dissatisfaction of the lower class due to the controlling power and the rule of the upper class. This conflict in interests resulted in a written code of governance for the lower class, which had become aggravated as the upper class had grown to make themselves forceful rulers of their regions-as when Cylon, for example, had seized the Acropolis (Sherman & Dennis 2008, p. 59-62). This act was the home of revolt in the 620 B.C by the lower class, and many of the leaders of the upper class were challenged. As the laws were perceived, by the lower class, to be tailored and invented overnight by the upper class, the lower class demanded to have the rules and policies be uniformly set down in written form, in the hope that they would be equally applied to all. In the same era, a judicial system based on appointed judges also came into existence, to be responsible for administering the laws irrespective of class. Courts were established so as to ensure the proper implementation of the laws and a system evolved to establish the political

Public Relations Issue Tracking on Current Event Topic Essay

Public Relations Issue Tracking on Current Event progeny - Essay ExampleThe first nominee of President Bush for this slip was Harriet Myers, White House counsel and this led to charges of cronyism. Her confirmation process in the Senate ran into abrasive weather with some of the supporters of President Bush backing off. In this scenario Harriet Myers was forced to withdraw and despite the claims from the White House it was a clear sign of retreat. (Miers withdraws arrogant Court nomination). President Bush has now nominated Samuel Alito, a conservative jurist functioning at the Philadelphia based Third U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, for the post of Supreme Court Justice. (Alex, L. (2005). Nominee). This nomination is going to face a tough time too at the confirmation process in the Senate, as the Democrats having tasted strain once are going to try again. (Zuckman, J. (2005). Democrats signal Alito faces rockier confirmation process). The Role of Public Relations The focus of th e attack from the Democrats will be on the Samuel Alitos views on religion and more so on abortion. (Alex, L. (2005). Alito battle will focus on abortion and religion). The other area of likely attack is in civil rights. (Kirkpatrick, D.D. (2005). White House Says Alito Was Assuring on Districting). Religion, abortion and civil rights are three important areas of public opinion and it is clear that the opposition intends victimization public relations to raise public opinion to defeat the nomination process of Samuel Alito in the Senate. In addition the opposition is also likely to get public opinion against this nomination.

Globalization and Identity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Globalization and Identity - Essay ExampleHowever, it escalated to the period of colonial blowup due to the potential resources, which are abundant in the lands of Asia (Steger 29). Almost whole parts of Asia dupe been subjugated from colonial rule due to such a heated demand to sustain the needs of industrialized nations in equipment casualty of raw material supply (Scupin 325). Most Western countries have colonize the Asian lands. India was controlled by Britain. The Philippines by Spain then the United States.The first point I want to analyze, in a critical sense, is the politics, economics and kindly conditions that surround identity specifically, the people of a particular nation. One cannot undermine that certain countries in Asia have governments, whether it is an imperial beard or a feudalistic one. China, for example, has an imperial government that is centralized. It cannot be denied that China, under political circumstances, already has a sense of belonging and expa nsion of influence. Other countries, for the same matter, have feudal societies and tribes that already have a systematized government, possibly ethnic or tribal to a certain extent. Identification is present. These established governments are already propagating a sense of identity. The intervention came from the Western countries since they are forwarding a certain political ideology on their part. This would only involve that the West tries to skirt the identity of the people in these countries to ensure that they are adherent to the conventions, which are in favor of the Western people. ... Mostly Western countries have colonized the Asian lands. India was controlled by Britain. Philippines by Spain then United States. The first point I want to analyze, in a critical sense, is the politics, economics and social conditions that surround identity specifically, the people of a particular nation. One cannot undermine that certain countries in Asia have governments, whether it is an imperial or a feudal one. China, for example, has an imperial government that is centralized (Scupin 325). It cannot be denied that China, under political circumstances, already has a sense of belonging and expansion of influence (Steger 24). Other countries, for the same matter, have feudal societies and tribes that already have a systematized government, possibly ethnic or tribal to a certain extent (Nye 162). Identification is present. These established governments are already propagating a sense of identity. Intervention came from the Western countries since they are forwarding a certain political ideology on their part (Nye 163). This would only mean that the West tries to manipulate the identity of the people in these countries to ensure that they are adherent to the conventions, which are in favour of the Western people. One cannot deny that governments have changed and wars between the colonizers and the colonized burst out due to an assertion of independence and self g overnance. In terms of economics, identity is indeed affected. Trading happened between countries of the West and Asia. Cultural put back is one of the crucial things that must be considered (Steger 24). Upon the exchange of goods and technology, one cannot neglect that there will be

The Transforming Power of Suffering Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Transforming Power of Suffering - Essay ExampleAt the time that this poem is written, Milton is one of the greatest writers of England, and this horrible condition called blindness is about to end his career, thus rendering him useless, much like the talent in the Bible which the third man buries and eventually becomes the reason for God to punish him (Matt. 2526-30, The New International Version). For the poet, it seems that being blind is being useless, and being useless is tantamount to preparing oneself to get punished. This is the authentic cause of Miltons suffering as he is writing this poem. ... H. Lawrences The Blind Man. In the story, Maurice secretly struggles with his blindness by keeping himself busy with daily chores on the farm He milked the cows, carried in the pails and at head for the hillsed to the pigs and horses (Lawrence). These are actually a few things that a normal blind man can never get himself to do. Nevertheless, Maurice seems to be pushing himself to do these tasks. Why? The reason is one that he reveals to Bertie toward the end of the story What I am afraid ofis that my wife Isabel will find me a dead weight and that I feel it isnt fair shes saddled with me (Lawrence). Maurice, therefore, just like the poet Milton, feels the same kind of suffering particularly because of their fear of being useless. Nevertheless, what Jernigan states that the blind tend to see themselves as others see them (4) is somehow true as most blind people tend to suffer only until they realize that suffering brings them the gifts of humility, compassion, and hope. The impartiality of humility is evident in the following lines of Miltons On His Blindness though my soul more bent/ To serve therewith my Maker, and present My true depict, lest He returning chide (Milton 4-6). In these lines of the poem, the poet himself requires that although he is ready to serve God, he has no choice but to humbly admit his true account his actual circumstances o r the fact that he is blind and that he cannot do anything about it. Indeed, humility is all about mustering enough courage to admit the true state of things and at the same time admitting ones helplessness in the face of it.

Understanding the Economic Impact prior to Wells Fargo Foreclosures Essay

Understanding the Economic Impact prior to Wells Fargo Foreclosures - Essay ExampleAs a end of the crisis, many institutions, including those that are not directly involved in lending collapsed while others merged to stabilize amidst the crisisIn 2007, United States was hit by financial crisis, which emanated from a crisis in the subprime real estate loans (commonly called subprime crisis). oneness of the financial institutions involved in mortgage lending that stood the crisis is Wells Fargo & company, although its rating dropped since 2007, in the light of the financial crisis. In response to the crisis, Wells Fargo & company and other companies change magnitude foreclosure filings by 2008 to the highest record in historical. This paper provides an overview of the subprime lending industry and state the economy in Wisconsin conscionable prior to subprime crisis and the Wells Fargo Foreclosures. Discussion Prior to 1980s, people in Wisconsin, US, had only two choices for obtain ing a mortgage. According to Knapp (2010), one could obtain a home loan insured by either the Department of Veteran affairs or by the Federal Housing administration. Borrowers with good credits histories would typically obtain recent loans from a bank, saving and loan or any other financial institution. Knapp (2010) elaborates that obtaining mortgage loans became much easier with the deregulation of the lending industries in the beginning of 1980. For instance, the monetary manoeuvre act and the deregulation of the Depository institutions in 1980 removed the restrictions that im constitute a ceiling on the interest rates charged on mortgage loans. One remarkable impact of the deregulation is that it led to the introduction of new mortgage loans, which included adjustable rate mortgages that were particularly favorable to mortgage borrowers who had their credit profiles impaired. However, accord to Knapp (2010), these events did not lead to an explosive growth in the mortgage indu stry until the securitization of mortgage loans in the late 1990s. The securitization option encouraged the majority of the existing mortgage lenders to adopt a new business model which Knapp (2010) refers to as originate to distribute business model. This new model ask that the credit risk posed by the mortgages loans was not exclusively to be absorbed by the lending institutions. Rather, it was to be shared with other investors in the world who purchased the Mortgage-backed securities. Knapp (2010) further argues that by 2006, more or less one-fourth of all new mortgage loans in United States were made to subprime borrowers while the other ratio was securitized and sold to investors in the United States and around the world. The increased demand for high-yield mortgage-backed securities among investors, including institutions such as hedge funds institutions and large banks, led the lenders to ratchet up their marketing efforts. They then came up with new products, which were de signed specifically for the sector of the mortgage market in order to persuade individuals who were deemed to be of high credit risks to obtain mortgage loans. Among the most popular of these products were the stated-income and the interest-only mortgages. The stated-income loan required an applicant to simply report his or her annual income during the application process of the loan (Knapp, 2010). The lender depended on the applicants self reported income in the determination of the size of loan that one could afford. According to Knapp (2010), many applicants for the Stated-income loans grossly overstated their annual income so that they could purchase a larger home than was economically feasible given their actual incomes. An individual who obtained the Interest-only mortgage loan was required to pay interests on his

Describe and discuss see directions below Research Paper

Describe and discuss see directions below - Research Paper ExampleThis privilege against Self-Incrimination back be implied for Federal Crimes. Witnesses however, do not receive either immunity from testaments especially, those witnesses who are not defendants nor are likely to be. Witnesses cannot refuse to testify under any circumstances and it may lead to imprisonment on the crime of hiding the truth if they happen to do so. Some cases pay also led to pursuance if the witness fails to testify.This was the case where the Supreme Court of United States used a defendants Fifth Amendment Right, which was against Self-Incrimination. Malloy who was the petitioner was sentenced to jail for a year for gambling. However, by and by three months, he was put on probation for two years and released from jail. On probation, he was made to testify for inquiry of the State into gambling and other wrongful activities and when he refused to do so, he was put back in jail to the time he testifi ed.In his essay, Are the courts in a trance? David Webert speaks of the register of Hypnosis as used by the authorities to empower themselves of the truth. Weberts (2003) essay circulated around the admissibility of such(prenominal) a technique for procuring the truth, as well as the justice of such a method.Certainly, he views it as a violation of the Fifth Amendment Right since it is after all against the will of the human consciousness that such discipline is being procured. One can imagine under utmost duress when such a technique is used, however, it is a disaster to think of using such a technique as a regular practice by the authorities to procure information from criminals.Hypnosis is known to enhance memory that leads to better reminiscence of events, but the credibility of this method is still under question. More so, hypnosis can have its own set of perceivable dangers. There have been various viewpoints that have been presented for and against this stand. But as far a s perceivable

(choice of topics listed below) and its implications for WORLD Research Paper

(choice of topics listed below) and its implications for WORLD REGIONAL GEOGRAPHY - Research Paper ExampleA region is usually defined as a part of the surface of the earth having various characteristics that makes the area unique from other areas. The regional geography looks to focalization on the unique and specific characteristics of various places related to the economy, culture climate, environmental and political factor. Study of regional geography started develop in United States and europium during the period between World War I and World War II as geographers were looking for a way to make geography a strong credible university level subject. (Marston, Knox, and Liverman 205) Globalization on the other hand refers to the increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of places ball-shapedly. The major implications of globalization are the expansion of global connections with relation to the network and relation leading to increasing awareness about the reality. The pr esent study looks to analyze the implications of globalization on the world regional geography. The shopping mall concept of the study is of great importance as there hold in been very a couple of(prenominal) studies similar to the mentioned one. Analysis and Findings Various geographers like Peter Dicken have often criticized fellow geographers for missing out on the topic of globalization and its impact of world regional geography. Mr. ... Also it is quite strange that very few geographers are looking to discuss the relationship between globalization and geography. All in all there is a belief that geographers can play a major role in the overall geographic debate. There is a misconception among some of the geographers over the fact that the world is flat. However, it is not quite true. The concept of the world is flat has often been mentioned in the Thunens agricultural location theory, central place theory and industrial location theory by Weber (Hobbs 301). Geographers becam e nauseated in the early 90s when the promoters of globalization started to predict convergence, locations, and places, end of distance, global villages and geography. One can also find defenses coming out from the business enterprise world, media, social sciences and geography. The most fundamental arguments that have been summarized by Yeung include The global economy is not a singular toil factory. It is a regional production world and hence it is contested by regionalization which is also happens to be the major drive of global economy junction and global cultures have emphasized on the awareness of cultural responses and local differences globalization does not refer to the end of states and nations as the primary point of political governance. The message of the geographers which includes various publications has been hardly suitable to reach the minds of the non geographic junction of promoters and hence the evolution of globalization ahs continued the end of regional geo graphy debate. The lack of appropriate dialog between regional and systematic geographers has some reduced the impact of

Implementation Challenges and Methodology for ERP Implementation Essay

Implementation Challenges and Methodology for ERP Implementation - Essay ExampleThe researcher states that the major(ip) benefit associated with the slaying of ERP within organizations is its ability to increase the productivity of the organizations, through increasing the timely, continuous and widely applicable real-time business information. This enables organizations to plan healthful for their different operations. Nevertheless, the implementation of the ERP can be marred by varied challenges, which combine to reduce the chances of the implementation success. This, therefore, requires that the implementation of ERP should apply a methodology that minimizes such(prenominal) challenges, and thus delivers the expected benefit of the ERP system to the organization with minimal associated costs. The methodology applied to implement an ERP should, therefore, be loaded with the essential critical success factors, to assure that the organization is able to start enjoying the benefits of an ERP system from the very beginning and that such benefits are sustainable. The discussion analyses ERP implementation as a global technology designate project, which can enable Roll-Royce to transform from its initial legacy system into enjoying the full benefits of the ERP thought its multinational operations. Technology Transfer refers to a process by which the companionship and information that is embedded within a technology by the technology creator are put into practical use by the user of the technology. Therefore, the implementation of the ERP system in Roll Royce does not barely entail the application of the ERP equipment, but also the know-how. Therefore, the challenge facing the global implementation does not only entail the challenges of the conveyance process from the vendor/creator of the ERP system to the organization, but also the subsequent challenges involving the adoption, possession, and promotion of the ERP by the organization.

A Catholic Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

A Catholic Life - Essay ExampleThis can be considered as heady years when anything was deemed possible. His schooling was marked by periods of trouble and deprivation. This was clearly in his case a time of intense personal trials as he went to college as a working student to support his studies. in that location was a time he suffered or so form of bullying by his richer classmates and they made fun of his nice clothes which greatly embarrassed him. While put away a small boy, he had a different concept of God who is strict and very demanding in terms of penance. But he had taken ease that he belonged to the most important royal family that of the Catholics (Wilkes 21). He redden aspired to sainthood in the innocence of his childhood (ibid. 23). His high school years saw him earn courteous grades since he seemed to have the gifts of an intellectual who can breeze through school without much effort. His faith in his religion is not to be tested provided since he lived sort o f a secure life, surrounded by the familiar and not yet exposed to the outside world in which new and even rebellious ideas are in ferment. Changes started to occur in his personal life and consequently in his views and outlook in life during the time he started his college days. It was a period of great financial difficulties. Catholicism as a religion emphasizes both suffering and deprivation as a noble act (ibid. 26) and merely ingrained with a dictum of living a life for other(a)s. Whether intentional or not, this constant barrage of feeling guilty contains up making some(prenominal) people a bit neurotic as in the case of Paul Wilkes. Despite his professional success, his search for God soon brought him to the extreme conclusiveness to follow the way of Christ and abandon all his material belongings. Pauls... A Catholic LifeEvery person goes through lifes incredible excursion in his or her own unique ways. It is sometimes called in religious philosophy as the process of b ecoming for which nobody can know how the end will come about. No one can likewise anticipate the high and low points in this journey of a lifetime. This was what the author Paul Wilkes underwent during contend times in his life and career. Every person also feels a bit empty, at some point in their lives. In his case, Mr. Wilkes suffered what is called a mid-life crisis so early in his married life when he was still in his mid-thirties, when other people suffer the same crisis at a much later age. A person is shaped by both his environment and by his basic temperament. Mr. Wilkes can be considered as just like any other person, an average person with the usual dreams and ambitions in life. What was a bit different about him was his tenacity in the face of adversity. This was amply demonstrated in his organism the runt of the litter, growing up in a poor home, a constant struggle while in school (from elementary up to his college days) and achieved some measure of professional suc cess. If we really contemplate on the real purpose of life, either we go off the edge or end up finding something really meaningful. Some call this process as a catharsis or a conversion, or as an epiphany of sorts like what Saul of Tarsius undergo while he was on his way.

Illegal immigrants in the US Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Illegal immigrants in the US - Essay ExampleIntellectuals, officials from the government, and policy analysts have attempted to find place the social, economic, and political aftermaths of illegal immigration. Specifically, there has been intense argument on whether illegal immigrants have positive impacts on the American society and whether they should be allowed to live in America or be deported to their countries of orign. Since the matter relates very much to the nations politics and economy, it has become a subject of study and debate (Kenney 21). slice various studies have shown that to some extent, immigrants are bad for the American nation, others have shown that they are good for the nation. I believe that illegal immigrants do benefit the American nation and they should be allowed to live in the United States because they provide cheap labor, do not get any benefits from the system, it is morally wrong to dport them, deporting illegal immigrants exit be very courtly, an d that the United States was built from immigrants.Numerous surveys show that a consensus exists amongst scores of policy analysts and economists of the fact that both illegal and legal immigration is unspoiled to the economy as gives net boost to the economy, provide cheap labor, broaden the market for goods and services, and reduce the cost of goods and services (West 430). Inarguably, illegal immigrants are good in the main for the labor market as they take up low-paying jobs that American citizens and some legal migrants might not want. They supply labor to industries at a cost that is relatively lower. Since many illegal workers are desperate for work, they are prepared to accept lower pay unlike actual citizens and legal immigrants. This is critical because it assists in the reduction of many industries labor costs and hence boosts their effectiveness (Kenny 55). Additionally, they increase consumer demand as they broaden the market for goods and services. This is because th ey lead to an

The Composer Bela Bartok Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Composer Bela Bartok - Research Paper ExampleIV. consistence Passage-III This paragraph will contain a discussion slightly the people and their tastes during the times as well as the major influences in Bartoks life and a comparison with other famous composers who lived during that period of time. V. Body Passage-IV This passage will dwell on the composing style of Bartok, a discussion of his inspirations, a comparison with other musicians, his major innovations in composition etc. VI. Conclusion The conclusion will recapitulate the major points included in the topic sentences of the body passages, restate the thesis, and sum up the essay. Bela Bartok Bela Bartok was born on twenty-fifth March 1881 in Baratian, a small town in Hungary. Bela Bartok (1881-1945), the great Hungarian composer, was one of the most significant musicians of the twentieth century (Hughes & Vetter 2007, 21). His father Bela old belongs to a lower noble family of Hungary though his mother Paula hails f rom a Roman Catholic Serbian family in Serbia. At the early stage itself, Bela started showing endowment for music and often get a lineed rhythms that his mother played on piano. This was before he could even properly speak. At the age of 4, he played 40 pieces on the piano and his mother recognizing his Calibre began teaching him formally. Bela was a sick child till the age of 5. He suffered from eczema. At the age of 7, he disoriented his father, and his mother shifted to Pozgony along with him and his sister Erzsebet. At Pozgony, Bela who was then 11 eld, gave his first recital in public, that too his own composition which he did 2 years ago. Immediately after this, Laszio Erkel accepted him as his pupil. Bela graduated from grammar school in 1899. Up to 1903, he studied piano and composition at the Royal academy of music in Budapest. At this academy Bela met Zoltan Kodaly, who totally influenced him, and remained his life long friend and colleague. His first major orchest ral work, a symphonic poem, Kossuth, depicting the adept of Hungarian Revolution of 1848, came out in 1903. Bartok displayed his love for music when he was only a child. It is said that even before he started talking, he could distinguish between different tunes of dance rhythms his mother played on the piano (Bela Bartok n.d.). He was influenced in his early work by the music of Richard Strauss whom he met him in 1902. Then in 1904, in a holiday resort, he overheard Lidi Doza sing fellowship songs and this marked the beginning of his life-long dedication to folk music. He was also influenced by Claude Debussy, the French Composer. Belas style of orchestral work resembled those of Johannes Brahmas and Richard Strauss. He wrote a lot of small piano pieces showing great interest in folk music. The first of such piece was the String Quartet No.1 (The String Quartets Bela Bartok 2008) in 1908. He became a piano professor at the Royal Academy in the year 1907. His famous pupils were G yongy Samdor Fritz Reiner, Lili Knaus, Emo Balogh, Jack Besson and Violet Archer. In 1908, Bela and Kodaly jointly researched on old Magyar Folk Melodies. This collaboration coincided with the contemporary social interests in handed-down culture. They discovered that Magyar Folk Music

Satanism and Suicide in the School Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Satanism and Suicide in the School - Case Study ExampleFor this result study, the potential positive consequences include agreeing with the parents that the Halloween holiday has no place in the school. Negative consequences include disagreeing with the parents and allowing the pupils to attend the Halloween party. The risk here will be discontentment from parents who might decide to transfer their pupils and as a result, be fired by the schools board (Callison and McAllister 84). I will evaluate the outcome of my stopping point/the schools decision base on the pupils performance, parents and boards approval or support, and the number of pupils who joins the school. Reach a compromise agreement with the parents will enhance learning, and improve the schools performance.In this case study, the problem that needs to be resolved is that of a pupil in the school who has thoughts of committing suicide, and as such, as the principle I need to decide what to do. This branch should invol ve the pupil, his/her parents, his/her immediate teacher and a counselor. I will need to communicate to the pupil, his/her parents, and his/her immediate teacher. The potential positive for this case is getting the pupil to convert his attitudes and sponsor the pupil to give away that disturbing wish and thought of wanting to die simply keeping the pupil alive (Callison and McAllister 106). For this case, a damaging consequence will be to fail to get the pupil some substantial help, thus resulting in the pupil committing suicide. I will evaluate my decision based on whether the pupil is able to fend that suicidal feeling and stay alive or not. In case, the pupil does not get help and ends up committing suicide, the other pupils and the entire school community will be devastated.

See the attachment Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

See the attachment - Coursework ExampleMore aggressive competitive pressures, coupled with forceful changes in the external environment have tested global organizations existence in the last few decades. DHL Company has sustained diverse challenges and remained successful through with(predicate) time. It is the objective of this essay to proffer a strategy assessment of DHL Company, as a global organization, with the specific aims of addressing the following concerns (1) an identification of the organizations companywide strategy (2) a determination of the specific aspect of the strategy being focused on (3) the competitive advantages of DHL (4) the competitive strategies employed and (5) an exploration of any identified issues on global management. The analysis of the organization would be used analytical tools such as SWOT and pestle analysis for a more comprehensive illustration of its competitive advantage on a global scale. Brief Executive Overview The management report is designed to proffer an assessment of the global strategy of DHL to be The Logistics Company for the World (DHL Corporate Portrait, 2010) where focus would be on logistics and mail. ... tions in Asia in a move linked to the inauguration of its expanded central Asia hub in Hong Kong and the launch of its north Asia hub in Shanghai (Wallis, 2008, p. 38). By identifying and enumerating the organizations internal resources and the factors that influence its external environment through both SWOT and PESTLE analyses, the report would clearly indicate the viability of the global strategy to sustain leadership in the logistics industry. Short introduction to the organisation and its markets DHL Company boasts of being an express cargo ships multinational company operating in diverse countries and territories around the globe (DHLAbout us, 2010, par 1). The official site of DHL revealed its expertise in international express, form and ocean freight, road and rail transportation, contract l ogistics and international mail runs to its customers. A global network composed of more than 220 countries and territories and 300,000 employees worldwide offers customers superior service quality and local knowledge to satisfy their supply chain requirements (DHL About us, 2010, par. 1). DHL operates in countries such as Hawaii, the Far East, Middle East, Africa and Europe, and now reached 220 countries in all. DHLs operations focus on four major divisions such as DHL Express (global dispatch and delivery of parcel and express shipments) DHL Supply Chain (customized, IT-based solutions) DHL freightage (national and international transport solutions) DHL Global Forwarding (air and ocean freight and a project logistics services provider operating worldwide) (DHL Company Portrait, 2010). The incredible growth level of the organization utilized exemplary leadership, high quality of service at competitive price. The growth and geographic

Petrophysics Essay Example for Free

Petrophysics EssayAbstract The atomic number 16 Tapti gas field, located in the Arabian Sea off the western coast of India, has been on exertion for the ultimately three years. Drill Stem Tests (DST) conducted in five zones in the first appraisal well showed high gritrock production in all the tests at drawdowns as low as 20 psi. Due to the unconsolidated nature of the source sand, it was decided to gravel pack all future wells. Initially, the High drift Water Pack (HRWP) technique was employ on 13 completions including some stack and selective completions. Due to a change in the drilling smooth to an oil based mud (OBM) organisation and the higher damage associated with the it, it was later decided to switch the gravel packing technique to Frac and Pack. This involved creation of a small frac to bypass the near wellbore damage using a gel-based fluid, followed by gravel placement using the HRWP. The Frac Pack technique was tried on 10 completions. Extensive production and pressure data collected on the above completions show that the Frac Pack technique has led to a decrease in the mechanical skin by almost 70 %.More importantly, it has also been responsible for decreasing the Rate Dependent Skin Coefficient, D, by 50 %, which has a greater impact on the well productivity since these wells atomic number 18 produced at average rates of 25 MMSCFD. This paper describes the gravel packing techniques used in the South Tapti gas field, their evolution and the results achieved. Inroduction The South Tapti field, located off the Western coast of India, is represented by a series of alternating sand and shale sequences.The upper reservoir intervals are dominated by tidal-bar and behave sands deposited in a deltaic environment while the lower sands represent etched valley deposits consisting largely of alluvial/fluvial channels, tidal bars and tidal creeks. The exploratory wells drilled in the field indicated strong sand production tendencies due to the unconsolidated nature of the reservoir rock. This was corroborated by extensive testing of the first development well when all the five zones tested produced sand level under extremely low pressure drawdown conditions.The completion policy for the field focused on preventing sand ingress while minimizing the near well-bore damage intact in any sand control application. The early development wells were gravel packed using the high rate water pack (HRWP) technique. These sign completions were highly successful in preventing sand production only if also induced significant damage in the process. The problem was accentuated when the drilling mud system was changed to an oil base system in an attempt to offset recurrent drilling problems arising out of unconsolidated sandstone and presence of reactive clays.This called for a change in completion philosophy in order to ensure that the wells retain high productivity with effective sand control. Geologic and Reservoir Characterizati on The South Tapti field is localized by a broad SW-NE trending, doubly plunging anticline. The field has up to 13 different Oligo-Miocene gas bearing sands, separated by shales. The reservoir sands were deposited in both incised valley and deltaic settings. Reservoir sands within incised valleys consist of alluvial/fluvial channels, tide-influenced channels and tidal bars.The channel sands typically are the cleaner sands with excellent porosity permeability and up to 20 m thick, whereas the tide-influenced channels and tidal bars are shalier, with more modest porosity and permeability. CLAY MINERALS 1. Abstract Tapti Basin in Surat Depression, Bombay Offshore is characterized by entirely siliciclastic succession. The cores and cutting samples, and wireline logs provide important information more or less the stratigraphy, basin fill, mineralogy, source and reservoir rock characteristics.Well under study is located in South Tapti sub-basin and contains gas-bearing sandstone within Mahim Formation of Late Oligocene age. The cuttings and cores have been megascopically examined and with the assistant of electrical log data, the litholog of the well is prepared. The study involves XRD and major(ip) element analysis of selected samples. The XRD and digital log data from Natural Gamma Sepctrometry (NGS) log indicate that montmorillonite is the major clay mineral present in the upper part of the succession, whereas kaolinite present in the lower part (1868 m MD to 2427 m MD).Kaolinite is apparently organize by early stages of burial diagenesis, whereas montmorillonite is a weathering product of the Deccan Basalt. Interpretative lithology from the well log response shows that reservoir sandstones have developed within the depth interval of 1865m TVD to 1945 m TVD within dominantly shale lithology. Reservoir sandstones are semiconsolidated, medium to coarse grained and moderately well sorted. Quartz is the dominant detrital component in all the sandstones.Pay sands are crystallization arenite whereas non-pay sands are quartz wacke with varying amount of clay matrix. Kaolinite in the reservoir section reduces the permeability of quartz wacke, but enhancing porosity in microlevel. Carbonate, siderite and iron oxide are main cementing material. Major element data showing that clastic sediments were delivered to the basin possibly by the Proto Tapti river but they may be having dual source of origin. The discriminant functions of Meyer and Nederlof, 1984 has indicated that the studied formations do not have source rock potential.Key words Tapti Basin, Bombay Offshore, hydrocarbons, provenance and clay minerals. quartz wacke, but enhancing porosity in microlevel. Carbonate, siderite and iron oxide are main cementing material. Major element data showing that clastic sediments were delivered to the basin possibly by the Proto Tapti river but they may be having dual source of origin. The discriminant functions of Meyer and Nederlof, 1984 has indicate d that the studied formations do not have source rock potential.

Burts Bees Essay Example for Free

Burts Bees EssayA while lynchpin in 2007, Burts Bees was bought out by Clorox for $913 million. In buying Burts Bees Clorox is decl ar to go green. This was Cloroxs start in buying out other green companies to friend them achieve their goal in going completely green. Mr. Shavitz and Ms. Quimby the fender owners of Burts Bees had a huge fall out that began in the late 1990s which has been going on ever since. (1) The reason that Clorox was willing to pay or so $1 Billion for Burts Bees because they see a big opportunity in the market to make their products green. The Burts Bess is really into the whole giving back to the community, and always armed serviceing. A few events they have done for the community is Urban Gardening when they teamed up with NEEM, to help make Durham, North Carolina greener, and help them plant more community gardens. Another event that they have done is help create green homes in North Carolina. As I was looking on the Burts Bees website on their mo st frequently asked questions someone asked how they can receive donations, and the answer the company gave threw me aback. At this time, Burts Bees is not currently providing product or financial donations.We prevail committed to supporting local community organizations committed to The Greater Good (2) Personally in reading this I feel like if they want to help create that customer satisfaction, they should be willing to help everyone go green and not just the community. Since the buyout according to Clorox, their natural care products already account for over $6 billion in sales and is growing at a fast rate. The sales are climbing to a yearly rate of almost 9%. As for the stalk holder Clorox states, they rose from $1. 69, 2. 8%. to $62. 69. This was a huge boost for the stockholders, and for people who wanted to buy into the stalk.As of 25th 2013, the stalks are at $83. 25. (3) This was also helping Cloroxs public relations by helping them get well known. Clorox does a whole bunch of press releases to help show that they have turned green. They also do press releases when they win an award or do contests for people to enter. When you go on the Clorox website they give you terce options to choose from, Press Releases, Media Resources, and Press contacts. Since working together with Burts Bees, Clorox is also trying to get more involved in the community which they never use to do.On their website they state, Clorox knows that it cant do it alone and actively seeks partners and other affiliations to help us become a more sustainable company. Clorox also cares. In gain to our work to make Clorox a more sustainable company, we strive to make a positive eco impact beyond Clorox. (4) Clorox donates nearly $1 million dollars to environmental causes. Some of things they do to help the community is they donate products to the Save the Frogs, and Save the California Oaks. They also have their own foundations to help Keep America Beautiful.

Lamb to the slaughter by Roal Dahl Essay Example for Free

Lamb to the slaughter by Roal Dahl EssayDetective conundrum fiction started in England in the 1790s. Then later in the 1850s to 1860s authors started writing melodramatic thrillers cognize as sensation novels perhaps one of the best known of the melodramatic thrillers is the stories written by Wilkie Collins who wrote The woman in white. By the late 1800s Conan Doyle wrote stories featuring Sherlock Holmes, this type of apologue was called mystery fiction, and is undoubtedly the most important mystery fiction novel of the 1970s.These mystery fiction novels were based on Sherlock Holmes who is a sc turn up in massacre cases and has a side surge called Watson who very much admires Sherlock Holmes as being very clever in solving law-breakings by gathering the evidence. In the book he narrates the story and makes clear Hes admiration for Sherlock Holmes, this is what influenced other writers in the 20th century to writing mystery fiction stories based on the structure of the Sherlock Holmes.And you underside still see the make for of Conan Doyle being used as structure for modern day stories and film series, such as the well known CSI crime which is set in America and involves a group of homicide research workers who have an important role in using state of the art rhetorical techniques in ordering to work out the massacres and accomplices, with a twist to the story to make it more interesting. notwithstanding in replacement to where Conan Doyle uses cunning spy work the makers of CSI use the forensic science more as the way of catching the murderess. Law and Order uses the same concept as CSI crime but is set in a different part of America.The Bill is a popular TV series about a police force that use cunning police work by working together to solve all crimes. Unlike in the stories of Sherlock Holmes or CSI crime The bill uses more whence one detective just like in Sherlock Holmes. A nonher detective story based on the stories of Sherlock Hol mes is the TV series called Colombo who is a homicide detective and is very cunning just like Sherlock Holmes. Colombo however unlike other modern detectives is a very unconventional detective because when hes on a case he acts very senseless and seems as though he isnt a very good detective, however towards the end he solves the murder very cunningly.Another modern but unconventional detective story is the TV series Diagnoses murder the main character of this series is a atomic number 101 who works at the hospital and like Sherlock Holmes has nothing to do with the local police so he works alone solving murder cases, which are brought in buy the people he treats at the hospital where he works this therefore makes this detective story very unconventional and is not like Sherlock Holmes in that respect.The detective story The cloud band is conventional as the settings are normal for a murder story if you bourgeon in to account the detective who is cunning with a side kick Watson a nd the victims you can see that the setting and atmosphere are very conventional for a murder detective story. However Holmes is responsible for the death of DR Grimsby Roylott which is unconventional. However the structure is conventional, the reviewers realize this as the The Speckled band works backwards from the discovery of Mrs. Helen Stoners death. Helen pitrs child goes to meet Sherlock Holmes and Watson to bring to their attention the murder of Mrs. Helen Stoner.Then later we read about the investigation that Holmes and Watson undertake at Stoke Moran. The narration in The Speckled band is two linear which we find out when Helen stoners sister tells Holmes and Watson about the murder It is of her death that I wish to speak to you, and when Watson narrates I was early.fair play. However in the story Lamb to the slaughter the settings are very unconventional and instead seem like an ordinary familys life but the story has a cunning twist and Mary Maloney (the wife) murders h er husband (Mr. Maloney) who is a detective.This is most unusual for a murder detective story and so is unconventional considering a detective got killed, the atmosphere and settings a wide with the detectives who are the police but in the story seem very half-witted and ironic as they eat the evidence and boozing the whiskey in the middle of the murder case whilst Mary Maloney gets away with the murder. The structure of the Lamb to the slaughter is unconventional because the pinnacle of the story is when Mary Maloney kills her husband. This makes the history we read about the crime being committed and not very much of the investigation as we had seen earlier in The Speckled band.The story The Speckled band begins with Watson (Sherlock Holmess side kick) narrating, he brings in to account the case of the Surrey family of the Roylotts of Stoke Moran, the story continues to the murder of Mrs. Helen Stoner who had just recently been engaged but in advance her death she said that It was the band The Speckled band. However the readers are kept in to suspense of the murderers identity, but Sherlock Holmes is called in he finds later long thin marking on Mrs. Helen Stoner indicating that if an animal is involved then it must be long and thin.When Sherlock Holmes was first called in for the case he proved to be a very observant detective and starts to suspect that Mrs. Julia Stoners recent engagement is a threat to her life and that the murderer of Mr. Helen Stoner give kill her as she also like Helen is engaged, so the murder of Helen must be linked to her recent engagement, During the story Watson continues to narrate, later Sherlock Holmes and Watson check out the house were the murder took place and Watsons narrative tells the reader how observant Sherlock Holmes is and creates an image of him as being a detective who never leaves a stone unturned.As Sherlock Holmes checks the house he find out that DR Grimsby Roylott had added some peculiar things about the h ouse like a ventilator and a skunk bell rope. After a while Sherlock Holmes pieces up the clues and realizes that there is something wrong about the crime scene. Sherlock Holmes arranges with Mrs. Stoner to shine her lantern through the window from her bed room at the house in Stoke Moran when DR Grimsby Roylott gets in to his bed room at night, when Sherlock Holmes and Watson saw the signal from outside they heighten in to the house through the window through to Mrs. Stoners bed room.After a while in Mrs. Julia Stoners bed room they finally hear a dark lantern being lit later they hear what Watson describes as a Soothing sound and then a cry which Watson explains was a The most dread cry I have ever listened, Sherlock Holmes tells Watson that they should go into DR Grimsby Roylott room where they had heard the sound, when they entered DR Grimsby Roylott room they find that he is dead and appears to be wearing a sparkling chain around his neck but when Sherlock Holmes approaches him they find that it is a live glide which bittern DR Grimsby Roylott and caused his death, Its a swamp adder Sherlock Holmes explains, and then continues to say that .It is the deadliest snake in India and comes to the conclusion that the snake was the speckled band which Helen Stoner said just before she died. So in the end it becomes unpatterned to Sherlock Holmes that DR Grimsby Roylott was the murderer and his motive was greed over money which his daughters would inherit from him in the event of their marriage which is why Mrs. Helen Stoner was killed as she was engaged. It becomes apparent to the reader that DR Grimsby Roylott was trying on that night to kill Mrs. Stoner but failed as the snake he put through the ventilator was blocked so the snake turned round and attacked DR Grimsby Roylott.

IKEA: The Worlds Largest Furniture Retailer

IKEA The Worlds Largest Furniture RetailerIntroductionAccording to KeyNote, 2008, IKEA is the worlds largest furniture retailer. IKEA sells a lifestyle to its middle-class global consumers through cheap modern-day flat-packed designs. The Swedish based company has 237 come ins around the world and it is the world leader in position furnishings (Mintel, 2006). IKEA is responsible for a global strategy that concentrates on exist management, efficiency and quality.However, there is much more to IKEA than just its cheap stylish furniture. As Eberhard-Harribey (2006) states, regardless of its openly aggressive focus on cutting costs, IKEA is a leading company when it comes to incarnate Social Responsibility (CSR) matters (see more on Appendix 1). IKEA has managed to combine a cost focus strategy with CSR issues as oppose to companies such(prenominal) as Starbucks and The Body Shop, which is considered to be high CSR-oriented but that charge a premium-price for its sustainable wargo ns. IKEA has respectable policies on child labour and has strong partnerships with UNICEF, and the WWF.Moreover, IKEA has a transnational strategy. The business maximise its global strategy of increase standardisation whilst responding to, consumer local needs. Globalisation, factors like economical increment, deregulation, more disposable income and rising admit market rear cook created many opportunities for growth in which IKEA hire continuously taken advantage of in many countries. In spite of its global presence, it is worthy to phase divulge two facts. First fact is that atomic number 63 accounts for 82% of IKEAs total revenues and North America accounts for 15% (Datamonitor, 2009). Second fact is that in both Europe and North America regions, as a result of the economic downturn the furniture retail industry is under a lot of competition.In auberge to reduce the political-economical and social-demographical risks inherent with such regions, IKEA needs to concentr ate on diversifying its operations into other markets promptly and efficiently. Moreover, by expanding into other markets, IKEA bunghole also take advantages of opportunities that these rawfangled markets offer that current markets no longer do. For example, in the past when China opened-up its policy to FDI, it eventually led to the Chinese economic improvement, the rise in the ho apply market and subsequently the demand for home furnishings in China. These events have unmistakable al get-goed IKEA to successfully enter this market. The current strategy mode that IKEA undertakes when entering a tender market is International Franchising whereby products, limited rights, operating systems and the function of IKEAs denounce name argon sold to the foreign franchisee for a sum fee and per centum in the profits.It seems sensible therefore that IKEA continue on expanding into new markets. Nevertheless, before IKEA chooses another market to enter, IKEA needs to follow some steps (1 ) Assess potential markets, (20 approximate the respective risks and take ins, (3) Choose the most appropriate market that not only match the Furniture Industry but ultimately complement IKEAs vision and Corporate Social Responsibility.In this work IKEAs plan give be to further its global expansion into the siemens American foodstuff, having brazil nut as a target. brazil is the largest country in South America and according to Datamonitor (2009), it is characterises the most attractive country for the Furnishing Industry.The following analyses have as an aim to critically determine whether or not IKEA can successfully enter the brazil-nut treeian Market and how it should best endeavour such moveIndustry Overview Global Home Furnishing RetailThe home furnishings retail sector includes furniture, base of operations coverings and household textiles. Furniture sales dominate the global home furnishing retail sector, with 63.9% of the sectors value. IKEA has the largest share in the global home furnishing market. Its share accounts for 2.3% (MarketLine, 2009).Europe accounts for 43.1% of the retail sectors value and the compound annual growth rate of the sector in the period 2004-2008 was 2.6%. Moreover, according to Datamonitor, 2009, sectors value reached a value of $663.4 meg in 2008 and it is forecasted to grow by 24.9% in 2013 (MarketLine, 2009).Moreover, according to Mintel (2008) the UK is IKEAs most successful market. However is being held back by the difficulty of getting new stores, low consumer confidence due to the economic slowdown.The UK housing market has slowed dramatically and with house prices and the number of transactions forecast to fall this year, this must be bad news show for furniture retailers. Already in 2008 there have been a number of casualties, including Sleep Depot and New Heights, and most recently Ilva and ScS.At the same beat furniture retailers are facing unprecedented levels of competition from orthogonal of the sp ecializer market from the likes of Tesco, Asda, Woolworths, Argos, Homebase, BQ, and even Next and MS. Is it all doom and gloom for the furniture specialist?more The UK housing market has slowed dramatically and with house prices and the number of transactions forecast to fall, furniture retailers are facing exceptional amount of competition from outside of the specialist market from the likes of Asda, Argos, not to mention MS and Next.Five Forces AnalysisRetailers of furniture, floor coverings and household textiles are the players of the home furnishing retail sector and the primary(prenominal) buyers are taken as end-users, and manufacturers of furniture, floor coverings and household textiles as the key suppliers.(Table bellow adapted from Datamonitor, 2009)IKEA Swot AnalysisIKEAs Corporate Social ResponsibilityAccording to Maon, Swaen and Lindgreen (2007) IKEA receives stuff from various external stakeholders. This pressure mainly exists because IKEAs business is modeled on cost leadership the majority of its raw materials are originated from developing countries. Since the end of the 1980s, IKEAs policies have been under constant scrutiny, particularly from NGOs. For example, IKEA was under the public eye over child labour in Asia, working conditions in Eastern Europe and Asia, and woods from questionable forests in Indonesia and Russia. Some critics argue that IKEAs sustainable practices took too long to be implemented and others question why the company do not place social and environmental labels on its products, even though the products meet criteria for products made of tropical wood materials.However, for IKEA, the brand itself should be a guarantee of environmental regard and social responsibility Moreover, as a result of such pressures, the company is more actively involved in its CSR than ever. See next for examples of IKEAs current practices(Source IKEA Group, Panda.org, UNICEF and SaveTheChildren.com, 2009). naming of a New MarketWhereas the North American furniture and floor coverings market is currently going through difficult times, South American has unploughed strong growth in value, a trend that according to Marketline, 2009 is meant to carry on rising.As for 2010 IKEA will enter the South American market. The first IKEA store will be allocated in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic (Reference?). However, as it is shown bellow there are other countries within South America in which IKEA could be successful.Furniture Floor Coverings in South AmericaIndustry ProfileThe South American furniture floor coverings market drawd total revenues of $19,801.3 million in 2008, representing a compound annual growth rate (Datamonitor, 2009) of 7.5% for the period 2004-2008.Market SegmentationLiving room furniture sales has proved the most remunerative for the South American furniture floor coverings market in 2008, generating total revenues of $7,420.1 million, equivalent to 37.5% of the markets overall value. Brazil (Ma rketline, 2009) however, Brazil leads the South American furniture and floor coverings market, accounting for 63.3% of the markets value.Factors Influencing the Likelihood of New Entrants and New Entrants in the Furniture Market in South AmericaAs shown above, there is a lack of brand strength in the Latin American furnishing market. This is turn shows that somewhat easy for new businesses to enter the market. Examples of such business however, are those well established change retailers, such as supermarkets and department stores entering the market. services for retailers occur within the market on a small scale with either one or some(prenominal) outlets, for which fixed costs and entrance barriers are fairly low.However, the impact of the current global economic recession on the retail environment can dissuade the entrance of new furniture businesses into the high-street in the medium term. There is however little government regulation which only concentrates on health and sa fety of the products. Overall, Datamonitor (2009) sees that the curse of new entrants to the furniture market in South America is considered to be strong. It is therefore important that establishes its presence in the region before other transnational companies decide to enter the South American. By being a entering such region, IKEA can be as successful as Telefonica has been since 1990 ( gryphon and Pustay, 2009). It can generate more sources of revenue as well as establishing new customer base before competitors.There are a large number of disparate retailers of different sizes from small independent retailers to large chain-stores operating within the furniture and floor coverings retail market. Many players within the market are diversified retailers, such as department stores, supermarkets and DIY stores, which are not critically reliant upon furniture sales, which in turn ease rivalry. However, there are many small specialist stores, where the sale of furniture and floor co verings products is critical to success.These companies need to compete intensely with the supermarkets, which is becoming incr backuply difficult in terms of price without compromising product quality as the supermarkets can afford to make smaller margins over a wide range of products. The current economic downturn is adversely poignant retail sales, reducing growth potential and increasing exit barriers, which enhances rivalry. Overall, rivalry with respect to the furniture and floor coverings retail market is moderate. (Please refer to Appendix 2 for further analyses).BrazilThe Brazilian economy was not affected by the global financial crisis as the countrys economy is tightly regulated with orthodox macroeconomic policies. The countrys growth rate increased in 2008 to reach 5.9%. Moreover, Brazil is the founder member of Mercosul regional integration which for instance, are responsible for 75% of South Americas gross domestic product and it is the worlds fourth-biggest integrat ed market. The economic reforms, liberalized foreign investment to most sectors have been considered to be responsible for the current economic.The market of furniture in Brazil has three main segments home (60%), office (25%) and institutional organisations (15%). Analyses show that (reference) this last segment is on the growth and imports should increase. This change in demand for foreign designs can certainly avail IKEA in Brazil.The market is also restrained by high interest rates (18.3% per year in 2001) which prevent people from demanding bank loans, and thus mention their purchasing power at lower levels than if they could borrow money easier. It then has a bad impact on house purchasing and in series, lowers the purchase of house furnishings too.However, despite its high profile, Brazil still suffers from corruption. According to Transparency Internationals Corruption Perceptions Index for 2008, Brazil is ranked in the 80th place out of 179 countries. Because corruption is perceived to be very strong in Brazil, the majority of businesses are expected to encounter corruption when proposing contracts to governments. Moreover, deforestation caused by multi-nationals is making solemn harms to the Brazilian rainforests. As the demand for environmentally friendly companies in Brazil and around the world continues to rise, companies such as IKEA can certainly expect to have its CSR scrutinised before receiving any license for operation.PESTLE Analysis of IKEA in BrazilBrazil has come out to be of the best market to invest (Griffin and Pustay, 2009) the economic reforms implemented after 2003 led to increases in real per capita income, and an improved income distribution. Real per capita income increased 14% from 2004 to 2007 and the inequality in the distribution of income, measured by the Gini coefficient (which ranges from 0, which reflects equality, to 1, which indicates inequality), small(a) from 0.6 in 2000 to 0.5 in 2007.Although the political pe rceptual constancy in Brazil does not have the same standard of security as other OECDs, the political stability in Brazil is improving steadily. Brazils president is considered to be more sensible than other South American leftist leaders. And Although Lula obviously seeks to protect national companies, He is also assured that many Brazilian businesses are not very efficient. After being re-elected, Lula has welcomed FDI in Brazil with open arms (Reference)Additionally, as the destitution situation in Brazil is still high, the Brazilian government and its race are in turn very active when it comes to social programs. There are major government programs that aim to tackle the problems of income inequality and access to credit. Programmes such as Zero Hunger (Projeto Fome Zero) provides low-income families conditional cash transfer bases reach almost one quarter of Brazils population (MDS).Such programs can be seen as an opportunity for IKEA. Since IKEA has such renounced CSR pro grams in place, it can certainly work with partnership with the Brazilian government. Also, as more people are acquiring houses, the demand for furniture will eventually increase.With emerging markets capturing investors attention, many are turning their focus towards South American markets. Strong exports, high commodity prices and increased investments have been contributing factors to growth within many of the Latin American markets (Fleming, 2007).Amongst its neighbours, Brazil is the country that provides its population the highest average purchasing power (IMF, 2006) Thus, Brazil seem a very attractive market for IKEA, especially since the its furniture imports have experienced a growth of 16.27% during the third quarter of 2006. The imports of furniture in Brazil are controlled by the United States with 39% of the share, followed by Germany with 36% and Italy with 10% (ABIMOVEL, 2008).Because Brazils income gap between the sizeable people and the poor people is very high, Th e 10% richest people earn 50% of the totally income and the 10% poorest people only get less than 1% (source?) social status are very meaningful, especial for the middle-classes. As IKEA has been very proficient in selling lifestyles to its customers (KeyNote, 2008) the status importance amongst Brazilians could turn out to be advantageous for IKEA. Nevertheless, credit option is extremely limited among most consumers who are expected to pay for their goods in instalments. Very ofte, consumers opt for a certain product not because if its quality, but because of the payment facilities. Consumers can pay for a TV of the equivalent of 300 in 10 instalments and without any added interest. IKEA should certainly be aware of consumers buying behaviour in modulate of to have problems with its liquidity ratios.As the telecommunication penetration rate in Brazil remains low, IKEA would not be able to rely in online sales in Brazil in the middle future and its online advertising should be ver y efficient.Laws requiring pre-sale disclosure by a franchisor are in place in BrazilBrazil shelters dense forests in northern regions including Amazon Basin that can be use for wooden furniture half of the country is covered by forests. However, over the past couple of years, the government has been very cautious about global warm up caused by MNCs deforestation. So IKEA would need to ensure the Brazilian government that its practices are very sustainable to be able to use Brazils givings.IKEA in BrazilFrom the analysed above, it can be deducted that there are several attractive aspects for IKEA to invest in the area of furniture industry in the Brazilian market. First of all, the furniture market in Brazil is attractive due to a big value of imported furniture. Additionally, the labour cost is cheaper compared to Europe and America.Mode of EntryAll IKEAs stores in foreign countries are managed under international franchising (IKEA, 2009). Franchising is a special form of licensi ng where the licensor authorises the licensee to utilize its operating systems, logos, brand names and trademarks in return for a devotion payment (Griffin and Pustay, 2009). The franchisee needs also to supply capital, personnel, personal involvement and local market knowledge (Jeannet Hennessy, 2004, pp.296).As IKEA has so much experience in set up franchise contracts, it seems sensible to apply the same when coming to Brazil for the following reasonsHowever, International Franchising has its drawbacks as wellAlthough the drawbacks of setting up Franchising in Brazil are not too high and IKEA could still be very successful in such a market. Based on the information garner in this work, a relatively more complex but even more successful mode of entry can be recommended.Due to Brazils endowment factors and government economic stimulus package to attract new investments, IKEA can greater benefit from entering the market through Foreign Direct investing via than from Internationa l Franchising. Moreover, by using FDI as a Strategy, IKEA can acquire national resources and access other South American markets.According to Dunnings Ecletic Theory (Griffin and Pustay, 2009), FDI will occur when three conditions Ownership, billet and Internalisation are satisfied. By matching IKEAs Swot analysis and all the other information gathered in this work, it is come-at-able to observe that IKEA enjoys all three advantages in competing in Brazil against local firms.1. Ownership Whereas most of Brazilian furniture retails hold low brand film and average technology systems, IKEA has unique competitive advantages such as strong brand name globally, advanced technology and the benefits of economies of scale in other markets.2. Location Advantage IKEA can enjoy lower labour costs, avoid tariff walls on goods exported from Brazil to other South American countries and save money on product transportation instead of importing products from China, Russia and India, the majori ty of products can be manufactured in Brazil due to its vast resource endowments.3. Internalisation Advantage Because of growing concerns related to management of intellectual property rights, deforestation and corruption in Brazil, IKEA will benefit more from controlling its operations in Brazil than from hiring independent local companies to provide such services.FDI via Greenfield Strategy and Strategic AllianceAs Brazilian Furniture Retailers are relatively small, the possibility to acquire an exist company with the intention of obtaining control over employees, technology and stores is very low. Therefore, IKEA would have to start its operations from scratch. According to Griffin and Pustay, 2010, when companies buy or build new facilities, hires in managers and employees to launch its brand new operations, they do so through Greenfield Strategy.Given all the facts that influence FDI in Brazil, the Greenfield Strategy can certainly benefit IKEAs entry to the Brazilian Market f or the following reasonsIKEA can the location that best meets its needsIt can build up-to-date facilitiesBrazils local and national government gives economic development incentives to attract companies facilitiesIKEA would not have to adapt its production systems to any crossroads-venturesIKEA would not have to deal with problems associates with Property Rights that could arise from potential Franchisees/Licensees/ or Joint Venture partners.However, the Greenfield Strategy also has its disadvantagesThe process of building a new site, hiring new staff and negotiating with government is relatively long and expensiveIn order to promote certain regions development, Brazilian government might require IKEA to build its site in a determined place that is not IKEAs desired location. assign to use natural resources might be given under very restrict regulations due to global and national demand for sustainable productsFurthermore, by using Brazils endowment resources, particularly in the Fo restry sector, IKEAs CSR would be put under further scrutiny. However, as IKEA has so many projects that have been benefiting the forestry and the cotton sector (refer to IKEAs CSR) in so many countries IKEA can combine its current CSR practice and form a strategic alliance with the Brazilian government involving the production aspect of the business.According to Griffin and Pustay 2010, a strategic alliance involving public and private partners can benefit a company if negotiation is handled properly and if the government is relatively stable, by easing market entry, reducing risks, enhancing knowledge and expertise and giving competitive advantage.Appendix 1Detailed Five Forces Analysis for the Global Retail Furniture Market(Adapted from Datamonitor, 2009).Appendix 2Continuation of Five Forces Analysis on the South American Retail Furniture (Source Datamonitor, 2009)Appendix 3